Theory

Theory

In this page, all the links of theories of electrical subjects is given, including power electronics, basic electronics, transmission line, basic electrical, AC & DC Machines and Special Electrical Machines are given.

Basic Electrical

Laws of resistance

What do you mean by hot armature resistance?

Compare : Ideal voltage source and ideal current source

Compare : Linear load and non – linear load

What is function of capacitor?

Capacitors – Series & Parallel

Define : Charge, current , power, potential , potential difference

Energy stored in the capacitor

Mutual Coupling between two inductances

Classification of electrical heating

Properties of heating materials

What do you mean by conduction, convection and radiation?

Design of heating material

Law of magnetizing force between two magnetic poles

Define : Glare, bright , Dim, Excitation

Relation between magnetic flux density and magnetic field intensity

Bio savart law

Coulomb law between two charges


Basic Electronics

Atomic Structure

Atoms, Molecules and Ions

Atoms

Diffusion

Drift and Drift Velocity

Single Phase half wave rectifier

Single Phase full wave rectifier

Single Phase Bridge Rectifier

Rectifier Efficiency and Power Efficiency 

Energy band diagram

Compare – Silicon and Germanium

What do you mean by hole current?

Compare – Intrinsic semiconductor and Extrinsic semiconductor

Significance of Ripple factor

Diode terminologies: Forward bias, Ripple factor, PIV, Depletion

 region, Knee voltage, Doping

Transistor

Transistor – Structure ( Emitter, base and collector )

Working of Transistor As an amplifier

Why CE transistor configuration is mostly used?

Common base transistor configuration

Common emitter transistor configuration

Common collector transistor configuration

Relation between current amplification factor α and β

Relation between current amplification factor α and γ

Cut off, active and saturation region of transistor

DC Load line and operating point

Compare – Transistor and SCR

Compare – Transistor and MOSFET

Compare – Transistor and Vacuum tubes

Compare – Holding current and Latching current

Compare – SCR and Asymmetrical SCR

Biasing of Transistor

What is biasing? Essential condition for biasing

What do you mean by faithful amplification?

Need of stabilization and thermal runaway

What do you mean by stability factor?

Base resistor biasing

Biasing method: Voltage divider method

Transistor Amplifier

Amplifier terminologies: Voltage gain , current gain and power gain

Common emitter transistor amplifier

Practical amplifier circuit

Transformer coupled amplifier

Direct coupled transistor amplifier

RC coupled transistor amplifier

Compare – Voltage amplifier and power amplifier

Compare – Audio amplifier and tuned amplifier

 

Industrial Applications of Semiconductor Devices

Pulse Transformer OR Isolation Transformer

Light dimmer ( Fan regulator circuit )

AC time delay circuit

DC time delay circuit

Static AC circuit breaker

Static DC circuit breaker

Firing of SCR by UJT half wave circuit

Firing of SCR by UJT full wave circuit

RL Phase shift control

RC Phase shift control

Resistance welding using triac and diac

Resistance welding

Three phase welding

Phase locked loop control

Speed control of universal motor

Speed control of Induction motor by solid state devices

Speed control of DC motor by solid state devices

How to improve power factor of converter?

DC Chopper

Working Principle of DC Chopper

Methods of Chopper output voltage control

Working of step up chopper

Working of step up / step down chopper

Configuration of chopper

Type A Chopper

Type B Chopper

Type C Chopper

Type D Chopper

Type E Chopper

Jones Chopper

Morgan Chopper

Speed control of Slip ring Induction Motor by DC Chopper

Speed control of DC Series Motor by DC Chopper

Inverter

Principle of Inverter

Which is the switching semiconductor devices used for Inverter?

Classifications of Inverter

Working of Current source Inverter ( CSI )

Working of Voltage source Inverter ( VSI )

Compare VSI and CSI

Working of single phase half bridge inverter

Working of single phase full bridge inverter

Series inverter ( Load commutated Inverter )

Parallel inverter

Pulse width modulation of the Inverter

Compare Inverter AC and Non - Inverter AC

Cycloconverter

Principle of Cycloconverter

Types of Cycloconverter

Step up Cycloconverter

Function of inter – group reactor

Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications of Cycloconverter


Electrical Wiring


Building substation for Multi – storied building

Bus bar and Bus bar chamber

Control circuit of Direct on line starter

Control circuit of semi automatic star delta starter

Control circuit of fully automatic star delta starter

Control circuit of forward – reverse starter

Color code of flexible as well as non – flexible cable

Define : Maintenance factor, Utilization factor, Depreciation factor

Do you know – Current operated ELCB and Voltage operated ELCB?

Features of Digital OR Static energy meter

How the energy meter is protected by tempering?

How to find out number of sub – circuit in the Electrical Installations?

How to measure earth resistance?

Important : Indian Electricity Rule No. 50

Important earthing rules at per IE rules 1956

Inspection report for low voltage installations

Protection area covered by Lightning Arrestor

Schematic and Wiring diagram of Go down wiring

Schematic and Wiring diagram of Corridor wiring

Schematic and wiring diagram of three lamps controlled by six switches

Schematic and wiring diagram of one lamp is controlled by three switches

Twin tube light wiring diagram

Types of MCB Marking

Why crushed rock is used at earth surface in the substation?

 

 Power System


Total installed Power capacity in India

List of Power distribution companies in India

Ultra mega power plant ( UMPP ) in India

Transmission Line Map of India

Daily Renewable Energy Generation in India

ACS – ARR and AT & C Losses

National Power Training Institute

What is Vidyut Pravah ?

Integrated Power Development Scheme ( IDPS )

What do you mean by AC Drive?

What do you mean by harmonics? Sources of generation of harmonics

Compare – Voltage harmonics and Current harmonics

How to reduce mitigation of third harmonics?

Effect of harmonics on Power factor

Compare capacitor bank and Individual capacitor

Types of Reactor

Function of shunt reactor

Power Triangle – Active power, Reactive power and Apparent power

Series compensation by capacitor bank

Single Phase thyristor controlled reactor ( TCR )

Importance of load curve 

 

 AC & DC Machines


Electro - mechanical Energy Conversation


Law of conservation of energy

Energy balance theory

Different methods of study of electrical machines

Singly excited system & doubly excited system


DC Generator


Principal of DC Generator

Practical DC Generator

Parts of DC Machines

EMF equation of DC Generator

Types of DC Generator

Function of Dummy coil

Function of Equalization ring

Losses in the DC Generator

Characteristics of DC Shunt, DC Series and DC Compound Generator

Armature reaction in the DC Generator

What is reactance voltage in the DC Generator?

How to built up voltage in the DC Generator?

DC Generator : Conditions for maximum efficiency

Commutation in the DC Machines

 

 

DC Motor


Working principal of DC Motor

What is back emf?

Torque and output power equation in the DC Motor

Speed control of DC Series Motor

Speed control of DC Shunt Motor

Function of Starter in the DC Motor

Characteristics of DC shunt motor, DC series motor and DC compound Motor

Brake Test

To perform Swinburne Test on DC Shunt motor

Applications of DC Motor

 

 Transformer


Principle of Transformer

EMF Equation of transformer

Transformer on NO load

Transformer on load

Losses in the transformer

Transformer efficiency and condition for maximum efficiency

Parallel operation of transformer

Working of auto transformer & saving of copper material

Voltage regulation of transformer

Per unit resistance & per unit reactance

Neutral shift in the transformer

Compare – Distribution transformer & Power transformer

Zig zag transformer – construction and advantages

Classification of Dry type transformer

Advantages of stepped core over square core in the transformer

Transformer name plate as per Indian Standard

Standard kVA rating of three phase transformer

Transformer testing : Type test & Routine Test

Technical specification of three phase transformer

Compare – three phase transformer and Induction motor

To perform open circuit test on transformer

To perform short circuit test on transformer


Three Phase Induction Motor


Rotating magnetic field produced by two phase winding

Define : Synchronous speed, slip spped, speed , rotor speed

Frequency of rotor current

Starting torque and condition for maximum starting torque

Full load torque and condition for maximum full load torque

Crawling and cogging

Compare : Squirrel cage and Slip ring induction motor

Torque – Slip characteristic of three phase induction motor

Control circuit of Direct on Line starter

Control circuit of automatic star delta starter

Control circuit of semi automatic star delta starter

Control circuit of forward reverse starter

Compare starting torque and full load torque in the starter



Single phase induction motor


Split phase motor : construction and working

Construction of capacitor start and induction run motor

Construction and working of capacitor start and capacitor run motor

Compare : Split phase induction motor and capacitor start induction run motor



Alternator


Compare : Cylindrical rotor and Salient pole alternator




Transmission Line


Compare : Aluminum and Copper conductor

Types of conductor

Features of All Aluminum Conductor ( AAC )

Function of Earthing Conductor

Standard alternating voltage in India

On which parameters, the skin effect depends?

Proximity effect

Disadvantages of low power factor

Power triangle – Active power, Reactive power and Apparent power

Classifications of transmission line

Compare – Distributor, Feeder and Service Mains

What do you mean by – low voltage, medium voltage and high voltage?

Sub - station and transmission line in India

Minimum Clearance between transmission line conductor and ground

Minimum Clearance between transmission line When they cross each other

Working of Induction Regulator

Right of way ( ROW ) in the transmission line

String Efficiency of Three Suspension Insulator

Methods of Improving String Efficiency

Function of series generator booster

Function of booster transformer


Cables


Types of cables

Properties of insulating material of cable

Construction of cable

Construction of Single Core LT Cable

Why Belted Cable is not used above 22 kV?

Construction of H type & SL type cable

Construction of oil filled cable

Compare : Oil filled cable and Solid cable

Advantages & Disadvantages of Gas ( Nitrogen ) filled cable

Insulation resistance of single core cable

Formula for most economical cable diameter

On which factors, the dielectric loss on cable depends?

Low Smoke Zero Halogen ( LSZH ) Cable

Advantages and Disadvantages of underground cable over transmission line

Single line diagram of AC supply system

Compare : Primary Distributor and Secondary Distributor


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