Generating station
- The electrical power is generated in the thermal / hydro / nuclear power station.
- The generation of 11 kV is done by alternator.
- The generated power is transmitted to different areas which are far away from generating station.
- The generated voltage is step up for transmission due to following reasons. As the generating voltage increases
( 1 ) Conductor volume ( weight ) decreases
( 2 ) Efficiency of transmission line increases
( 3 ) Percentage voltage drop decreases.
Primary transmission
- The step up transmission step up the generating voltage from 11 kV to 132 kV / 220 kV.
- It is transmitted by three phase, three wire supply system.
Secondary transmission
- The primary transmission line terminates at the receiving substation.
- The transmission line voltage steps down from 132 kV / 220 kV to 66 kV at the receiving end substation.
- The electrical power is transmitted at voltage level of 66 kV to different substation.
- This is called as secondary transmission.
Primary distribution
- The secondary transmission line terminates at the substation where the voltage is reduced from 66 kV / 11 kV by step down transformer.
- The 11 kV voltage is transmitted to different area of city by transmission line.
- The primary transmission is done through 3 – phase, 3 – wire system which supply power to HT consumers.
Secondary distribution
- The electrical power from primary distribution line is delivered to pole mounted distribution transformer.
- The pole mounted delta / star transformer step down the 11 kV to 440 V.
- The secondary of transformer star connected with neutral which supplies three phase four wire.
- The residential consumer gets single phase supply through one phase and neutral ( Phase R and N, Phase Y and N, Phase B and N ).
- The three phase load is directly connected to three phase supply.
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