Compare: Permanent Magnet & Electromagnet

Permanent Magnet is a magnet in which magnetism generated by the internal structure of material itself.
Electromagnet is a magnet in which magnetic field is produced by an electrical current.

Permanent magnet	Electromagnet
The strength of permanent magnet is fixed.	The strength of electromagnet can be varied by changing current through the coil.
Its polarities are fixed.	Its polarities can be changed by changing the direction of current through it.
They are made of alloys	It is nothing but copper coil wound on iron rod and connecting it to battery.